Productivity plays an important role in the generation of Malaysia’s wealth by ensuring effective and efficient use of resources. In the light of globalization, limited resources and increasing competition from emerging economies, it is important that Malaysia sustains its economic growth through productivity gains.
The same applies to organisations. Successful productivity management is key to their survival in today’s highly competitive environment. An organisation’s productivity can be effectively raised only if it is managed in a holistic manner.
Productivity management is a journey of continuous improvements involving employees at all levels. Benefits This program aims to help you manage your organisation’s productivity systematically through an Integrated Management of Productivity Activities (IMPACT) framework.
The IMPACT framework includes the key productivity levers to address when you embark on productivity improvement initiatives.
Productivity Concept
What is Productivity
Productivity Indicators
Output
Input (Labour and Capital)
Labour Productivity
Concept of Value Added
Subtraction Method
Addition Method
Creation of Value Added and Distribution of Value Added
Establishment of Productivity Management Function
Step 1 Establish A Productivity Management Structure
Step 2 Set Overall Productivity Goals
Step 3 Garner Participation and Commitment
Baseline Understanding For any productivity intervention to be effective, we should have a thorough understanding of your organisation’s current situation. This can be done through a productivity diagnosis to assess your organisation’s “state of health”.
A qualitative assessment of your organisation’s performance in relation to the productivity levers. Current Performance
Level (CPL)
Required Performance Level (RPL)
Gap measurement (CPL vs RPL)
Identify organization’s strength and weakness
Identify organization’s opportunities and threats
Identify the gap and areas for improvement
A quantitative assessment of your organisation’s performance based on certain key indicators that are linked to the various productivity levers. There are various common indicators used to gauge an organisation’s productivity performance.
These indicators may provide a good analysis of your organisation’s overall performance and able to measure the performance of the operational units and functions.
Financial Indicators
Financial ratio
Understanding finance with financial statements
An overview of financial reporting
Accounting concepts and principles
Structure and content of financial statements
The Annual Report
Business financial performance
Measurement of business profitability
Gross profit
Operating profit
Net profit before tax
Quality of performance – making judgment
ROE – definition and impact
ROA – definition and impact
Business financial position – risk management
Working capital and liquidity
Insolvency risk and gearing
Asset quality and management
Business Valuation and financial market indicators
Price earnings relationship – the PE multiple
Dividend yields and payouts
Net assets
Conclusion and review
Productivity Diagnostic Tool
Labour productivity
Sales per employee
Value added-to-sales ratio
Capital productivity
Sales per ringgit of capital
Capital intensity
Labour cost competitiveness
Labour cost per employee
Profit-to-value added ratio
Profit margin
Balance Score Card
The balanced scorecard allows managers to look at the business from four important perspectives.
Financial goals—“What financial goals do we have that will impact our organization?”
Customer goals—“What things are important to our customers, which will in turn impact our financial standing?”
Process goals—“What do we need to do well internally, in order to meet our customer goals, that will impact our financial standing?”
People (or learning and growth) goals—“What skills, culture, and capabilities do we need to have in our organization in order to execute on the process that would make our customers happy and ultimately impact our financial standing?”
Key Performance Indicator
Principles and Practices of KPI
Foundation Stones for Implementing Key Performance Indicators
Developing and Using KPIs – A 12-Step Model
KPI Team Resource Kit
Templates for Reporting Performance Measures
Productivity Output
Increase Sales
Increase output per unit of production
Productivity Input
Optimize use of Labour
Optimize use of Capital Organization
Strategy Planning Process Analysis
What is strategy? Reason to be selected by society.
Strategy planning process
Mission Vision Value
Brand
Environment Analysis
Corporate Strategy Analysis
Functional Strategy Analysis
Through integrating robust Industry 4.0 applications, organizations implementing IMPACT (Integrated Management of Productivity Activities) framework will reap the combined benefits of real-time information and waste elimination to enhance the performance of the key supplier, customer, process, and control and human factors.
Overview of the Lean Manufacturing System
Introduction to Fundamental of Lean Manufacturing System
Initiating the Lean Processes
Creating Process Stability
Standardizing Works
Implementing the Pull Prediction System
Preventing Failure with Jidoka
Engaging People
Planning Lean
Work Sampling
Work sampling is a method to survey the ratio of “performance” (operation) and “motion” (non- operation) by observing what is being done at the moment
PQ (Product Quantity)Analysis – Kaizen Target
Process analysis and time study
To improve the operation of bottleneck processes, and non value added process in order to increase the production volume and shorten the production period.
Line Balance Analysis
To improve operation efficiency by eliminating operator waiting through balancing the time of each operation as much as possible in the line continuous operation
Workflow analysis
To check whether materials/products are effectively flowing.
Mobility Analysis
The mobility index is a statistical expression of the ease of handling.
Eight (8) Wastes
MUDA(Waste) is defined as “any activities that consumes resources without creating value for the customer.
IMPACT Implementation Enabled by Industry 4.0
Process
Customer
Control and
Human Factors
The road map helps to direct specific activities towards your productivity goals in a coordinated and systematic manner.
Components of Productivity Road Map
Template for Productivity Road Map
Productivity improvement initiatives must be complemented by a sound measurement system, which forms an integral part of an organisation’s management information system.
Productivity measures can be used to:
Evaluate the effectiveness of action plans
Monitor performance
Set targets and formulate strategies
Account to various stakeholders – customers, investors, employees, suppliers and funding agencies
Link effort and reward for employees
Productivity Measurement
Since productivity is the relationship between output and the input used to produce that output, there are various ratios you can use to measure the performance of different operational units within your organisation. By adopting an integrated approach to productivity measurement, you can learn how each of your departments affects your organisation’s overall performance.
Key Management Indicator
Activity Indicator Operational Indicator
Performance management covers two main areas:
(a) activities to monitor performance;
(b) activities to reinforce performance and motivate employees.
In this module, you will have the opportunity to reflect on the application of your learning in the workplace. Further more it is most important that you allocate sufficient time to complete any outstanding actions from your activities.
As defined in the earlier modules Rapid Breakthrough Improvement (RBI) cycle, going to Gemba and helping the team to problem solve and get the result is crucial at this stage.
Principles of Business Results
Create value based on organization performance
Measure customer needs and wants
Guidelines for measurement
Measurement System
Align with customer needs
Measure the whole system
Measure flow and waste
Voice of the customer
Key Lean Indicators Related Measures
Yield
Quality matters
Delivery
Cost
Financial Impact
Competitive Impact